Platform chemicals refer to chemicals that are commonly used or that are used to synthesize other chemicals. These have been investigated with the goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and developing domestic industries, especially those that support rural communities. There is considerable interest in biorefining strategies converting biomass into biofuels and platform chemicals. This work establishes a feasible and sustainable approach to produce GGA from poplar biomass via fermentation. The estimated average minimum selling prices of GGA were USD 756 and 877/ton for alamine/DIBK and ethyl acetate scenarios, respectively.
Recovery of GGA using alamine/DIBK was a more economical process and consumed 64% less energy, due to lower steam demand in the recovery distillation columns. Estimated capital costs for different scenarios ranged from USD 186 to 245 million. This biorefinery follows the path of pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, acetogen fermentation, and acid purification. Models of a GAA biorefinery with a production of 120,650 tons/year were simulated in Aspen software. This study evaluates and compares the technical and economic feasibility of GAA production via bioconversion using either ethyl acetate or alamine in diisobutylkerosene (DIBK) as organic solvents for purification. Separation of acetic acid from water is a major expense and requires considerable energy. GAA production from biomass might be an economically viable and sustainable alternative to petroleum-derived routes. GAA is an intermediate in the production of plastics, textiles, dyes, and paints. Most of the current commercial production of glacial acetic acid (GAA) is by petrochemical routes, primarily methanol carbonylation.
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